So far, we’ve worked with git repos only through the github.com web interface.

That’s handy, but it isn’t really what github is for.

The main purpose of a github repo is to track the changes we make to a software project on our local hard drive: either the hard drive space associated with our ACMS Unix account, or the hard drive of our own Windows, Mac or Linux machine.

To do that, we need to do a step called “cloning” a repo.

This creates a “clone”(copy) of the repo on our local disk (i.e. in your lab account on the lab machine you are working on).

The clone has a link back to something called the origin, which is the remote server (or just remote, for short) where the clone came frome.

We can pull changes from the origin, or push changes to the origin to keep them in sync.

There is also the concept of a branch. The only thing you need to know about branches when you first start working with git and github is that we are always on the master branch.

Therefore, when working with a cloned repo, we are always going to use one of these two commands:

• git pull origin master to pull changes from github.com to our local copy
• git push origin master to push changes from our local copy up to github.com

Locate your first repo

Navigate to the web page for your repository in github.com, and find the green “Clone or Download” link, as shown in this image:

What comes up looks like one of these two figures

clone with ssh	clone with https

If you get the “clone with ssh” figure, click the “use HTTPS” link. That spot “toggles” (switches back-and-forth) between ssh and https. We want https.

Once it says clone with HTTPS, keep this web page open, but set it aside for a moment. We’ll need to copy the link from there in just a moment. But first, we need to do some work at the ACMS command line.

Cloning the repo on your ACMS account under ~/github

Open a shell (terminal session) on your ACMS account. You should already have a ~/github directory, but if you don’t, use this tutorial to create one: Create ~/github

Type these commands into your ACMS terminal window:

• Use cd ~/github to change your current working directory to ~/github.
• Then use pwd to verify that your current working directory is indeed ~/github.
• Use ls to list the files in that directory. (It may currently be empty)

[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:~:95$ cd ~/github
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:96$ pwd
/home/linux/ieng6/spis16/spis16t3/github
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:97$ ls
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:98$ 

Next you will “clone” your repository. This creates a copy of your repository—which is a separate repository in its own right—in your directory on the ACMS systems.

Copy the clone URL from the github window.

• Note that this is NOT THE SAME as the URL shown in the browser url window. Don’t copy that one!
• The URL should end with the letters .git

Next, in the terminal window where you are in your ~/github directory, type the command below to clone the repository into a new directory that has the same name as your repo (e.g. spis16-lab02-Alex_Chris). Be sure to replace the URL shown below with the one you copied from the web page.

    git clone https://github.com/ucsd-cse-spis-2018/spis18-lab02-Alex-Chris.git
    ...

If it is the first time you are ever cloning a repo, you might get this one time message. As shown below, just type in yes and press enter:

The authenticity of host 'github.com (192.30.253.113)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 16:27:ac:a5:76:28:2d:36:63:1b:56:4d:eb:df:a6:48.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

You should then be prompted to enter your username and your password. These are your github username and password. Enter them now. If you are successful, you will see a message saying that the repository is being cloned.

Cloning into 'spis18-lab02-Alex-Chris'...
remote: Counting objects: 4, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 4 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:108$ 

(If you got an error message, skip down to the section “What if it didn’t work”.)

If it worked:

• Try typing ls. You should see the new directory for your repo.
• Use cd repo-name (e.g. cd spis18-lab02-Alex-Chris) to cd into your cloned repo
• Type pwd and ls to see the files in your cloned repo.

If it all looks like the following transcript, then you are good to go—you’ve cloned your first repo successfully!

[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:108$ ls
spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:109$ pwd
/home/linux/ieng6/spis16/spis16t3/github
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:github:110$ cd spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris/
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris:111$ pwd
/home/linux/ieng6/spis16/spis16t3/github/spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris:112$ ls
README.md
[spis16t3@ieng6-240]:spis16-lab02-Alex-Chris:113$ 

What if it didn’t work

If you get a message stating that there was an authentification failure, or your username or password was incorrect, you probably entered your github username and/or password wrong. Try again to clone your repository. If you are still having trouble, ask a mentor or instructor for help.